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Kardiyovasküler hastalıklar dünya çapında önde gelen ölüm nedeni olmaya devam ediyor ve günümüzde tüm küresel ölümlerin yaklaşık 1/3’ünü oluşturuyor. Ülkemizde ise bu oranın daha yüksek olduğu biliniyor. Yine kardiyovasküler hastalıklar nedeniyle yılda yaklaşık 20 milyon insan 70 yaşın altında hayatını kaybediyor. Rahatsız edici bir başka gerçek ise genç yaşta görülen kalp krizi sayısının artmış olması.
Kardiyoloji Uzmanı Doç. Dr. Alper Karakuş, bilimsellikten uzak olan bilgilerin kalp sağlığını riske attığına dikkat çekerek, “Örneğin, çevreden veya internetten edinilen hatalı bilgiler nedeniyle hastalar hekime geç başvurabiliyor ve bunun sonucunda tedavide güçlük çekilebiliyor. Daha kötüsü, hatalı bilgiler hastanın hayatını kaybetmesine bile yol açabiliyor” diye konuşuyor. Kardiyoloji Uzmanı Doç. Dr. Alper Karakuş, toplumda kalp sağlığı hakkında doğru sanılan 7 hatalı bilgiyi anlattı; önemli öneriler ve uyarılarda bulundu.
Yıllarca sigara içtim, artık sigarayı bıraksam da kalp hastalığı riskini azaltamam. Yanlış!
Doğrusu: Yaygın inanışın aksine, sigarayı bırakmanın faydaları, ne kadar süre sigara kullandığınıza, günde kaç sigara içtiğinize bakılmaksızın, sigarayı bıraktığınız anda başlıyor. Kardiyoloji Uzmanı Doç. Dr. Alper Karakuş, kaç yaşında olursanız olun sigarayı bıraktıktan sadece bir yıl sonra kalp krizi riskinizin yüzde 50 oranında azalacağına dikkat çekerek, “Tek bir hareketle, yani sigarayı bırakmakla kalp krizi riskini yarı yarıya indirmiş oluyorsunuz. Sigarayı bıraktıktan 10 yıl sonra ise sigaranın kalp üzerindeki olumsuz etkilerinden tamamen arınıyorsunuz” bilgisini veriyor.
Kalp hastalığım var. Grip aşısı tam koruma sağlamaz. Bu nedenle aşıyı olmam gerekmez. Yanlış!
Doğrusu: Dünya Sağlık Örgütü verilerine göre, tüm dünyada yılda ortalama 650 bin kişi grip veya gribe bağlı durumlar nedeniyle hayatını kaybediyor. Yapılan araştırmalar, grip aşılarının yüzde 90’ının etkili olduğunu gösteriyor. Grip aşısında asıl amaç, gribe yakalanmamak değil, hastalığa yakalanmış olsa bile hastanın bu tabloyu alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonu oluşmadan ve hastaneye yatış gerektirmeden daha hafif şekilde atlatmasını sağlamak. Kardiyoloji Uzmanı Doç. Dr. Alper Karakuş, gribin özellikle kalp hastalarında ağır seyredebildiğini ve ölümcül sonuçlara yol açabildiğini belirterek, “Dolayısıyla ciddi kalp damar hastalığı veya kalp yetersizliği olan hastaların her yıl grip aşısı olmaları gerekiyor” diyor.
Yüksek tansiyon hastasıyım ama hiçbir şikayetim yok. Dolayısıyla yüksek tansiyonum bana zarar vermiyor. Yanlış!
Doğrusu: Yüksek tansiyon hastalığı genellikle ileri aşamaya kadar belirti vermediği için ’sessiz düşman’ olarak nitelendiriliyor. “Yüksek tansiyonda hiçbir zaman semptom yaşamayabilirsiniz, bu nedenle vücudunuzda bir şikâyet oluşmasını beklememelisiniz” uyarısında bulunan Doç. Dr. Alper Karakuş, yüksek tansiyonun erken tedavisinin çok önemli olduğunu belirterek, “Şikâyet oluşturmasa bile yüksek tansiyon; kalp krizi, felç, böbrek hasarı ile diğer birçok ciddi sağlık sorunlarına yol açabiliyor ve tanı aldığınızda çok geç olabiliyor” diyor.
Kalp hastalığım var. Normal tuz yerine Himalaya tuzu veya diyet tuzu kullanabilirim. Yanlış!
Doğrusu: Dünya Sağlık Örgütü, günlük tuz tüketim miktarının 5 gramı, yani bir tepeleme çay kaşığını aşmamayı öneriyor. Günlük tuz tüketiminin Türkiye ortalaması 2000’li yılların başında yaklaşık 18 gram iken son yıllardaki uygulamalarla bu sayı 15 gram düzeyine indirilebildi. Kardiyoloji Uzmanı Doç. Dr. Alper Karakuş, kalp sağlığı için toplum olarak daha az tuz tüketmemiz gerektiğine işaret ederek, “Diyet tuzlarında çoğunlukla potasyum klorür bulunduğu için bu tuzların kontrolsüz tüketilmesi bazı hastalarda ritim bozukluklarına ve istenmeyen sonuçlara yol açabiliyor. Bu nedenle kalp hastaları doktor önerisi olmadığı sürece diyet tuzu kullanmamalıdır. Himalaya tuzunda ise yüzde 96-99 oranında, yine bildiğimiz tuzdaki sodyum klorür bulunur ve iddia edilen yararlarının bilimsel bir temeli yoktur” diye konuşuyor.
Kalp krizi sırasında şiddetli öksürmek hayatınızı kurtarabilir. Yanlış!
Doğrusu: Bazı ani anormal kalp atışları sırasında, bilinçli ve duyarlı kişiler, kalp ritmini normale çevirmek için güçlü ve tekrarlayan bir şekilde öksürebiliyor. Kardiyoloji Uzmanı Doç. Dr. Alper Karakuş, “Bu durum şiddetli öksürüğün kalp krizi sırasında hayat kurtardığına dair yanlış bir yorumlamaya neden olmuştur. Eğer kalp krizi geçirdiğinizi düşünüyorsanız, öncelikle acil tıbbi yardım için 112’yi aramalısınız” diye konuşuyor.
Kırmızı şarap kalbe iyi geliyor. Kalp sağlığım için her gün bir kadeh içmeliyim. Yanlış!
Doğrusu: Kırmızı şarabın içeriğinde bulunan resveratroller, antioksidan özelliği nedeniyle, iyi kolesterol olarak bilinen HDL’i artırmada ve kötü kolesterol olarak bilinen LDL’i azaltmada olumlu etkilere sahip. Ancak, güncel bilgilerde resveratrol düzeyleri ile kalp hastalığı oranları arasında doğrudan bir bağlantı bulunamamış. Dahası, resveratroller sadece kırmızı şarapta değil; kırmızı üzümde, yer fıstığında ve ananasta da yüksek konsantrasyonda bulunuyor.
Her gün aldığım Omega 3 yağ asidi takviyesi kalbime iyi gelir. Yanlış!
Doğrusu: Yaygın inanışın aksine, son 20 yılda yapılan birçok bilimsel araştırma, Omega-3 yağ asidi takviyelerinin (balık yağı kapsülleri) sağlıklı insanlarda kalp krizini veya buna bağlı sorunları önlemede bir etkisi olmadığını gösteriyor. Yine son yıllardaki büyük çalışmaların sonuçları da bu takviyelerin hâlihazırda kalp damar hastalığı olan kişilerde kullanımı için daha kesin verilere ihtiyaç duyulduğunu gösteriyor.
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